Turns out Intel's Gen 13 and 14 desktop processors have a microcode bug that can caused overvolting, leading to application crashes, BSOD etc.:
Megathread for Intel Core 13th & 14th Gen CPU instability issues
https://www.reddit.com/r/intel/comments ... th_gen_cpu
Intel finally announces a solution for CPU crashing and instability problems — claims elevated voltages are the root cause
https://www.tomshardware.com/pc-compone ... mid-august
Some sources are claiming the overvolting can damage the processor and that once you start experiencing crashes, the processor is already damaged. Intel themselves don't mention damage in their recent update, only "instability":
July 2024 Update on Instability Reports on Intel Core 13th and 14th Gen Desktop Processors
https://community.intel.com/t5/Processo ... 113/page/2
ASUS and Gigabyte have microcode fixes for this issue in their latest BIOS updates, so if you have an Intel desktop processor from these generations you should probably update your BIOS ASAP.